Chắc hẳn ai ở độ tuổi trung học phổ thông cũng luôn băn khoăn không biết rằng bản thân thật sự muốn theo học ngành nào và làm công việc gì trong tương lai. Mỗi chúng ta, ai ai cũng đã từng ít nhất một lần tham gia các buổi hội thảo hướng nghiệp được tổ chức ở trường học hoặc trung tâm. Chủ đề nghề nghiệp vẫn luôn là chủ đề nhận được nhiều sự quan tâm từ phía học sinh, sinh viên, phụ huynh kể cả người đi làm. Vậy nên, chủ đề nghề nghiệp cũng thường xuyên xuất hiện trong đề thi IELTS và ôn luyện thật kỹ vốn từ vựng thuộc chủ đề này cũng là chìa khóa quan trọng giúp bạn đạt điểm cao trong kỳ thi sắp tới.
1. Từ vựng phổ thông về nghề nghiệp:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Employee | Nhân viên | The company hired several new employees to help with the increased workload. |
| Employer | Nhà tuyển dụng | It’s crucial for employers to create a positive and supportive work environment. |
| Unemployment | Thất nghiệp | The economic downturn resulted in a rise in unemployment rates. |
| Occupation | Nghề nghiệp | My sister’s occupation is a nurse, and she finds it rewarding to care for others. |
| Career | Sự nghiệp | Choosing the right career path is an important decision that can impact one’s future. |
| Salary/Wages | Lương | The company offers competitive salaries to attract top talent. |
| Retire | Nghỉ hưu | Retirement planning is essential to ensure a comfortable life after leaving the workforce. |
| Resign/Quit | Nghỉ việc | After much consideration, she made the difficult decision to resign from her current job. |
| Fire | Sa thải | The company had to fire several employees due to budget cuts. |
| Vacancy | Vị trí còn trống | There is a job vacancy in the marketing department that needs to be filled. |
| Overtime | Làm thêm giờ | Due to the project deadline, they had to work overtime to complete the tasks. |
| Shift | Ca làm việc | The company operates in three shifts to ensure round-the-clock production. |
2. Lĩnh vực Luật:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Judge | Thẩm phán | The judge carefully considered the evidence before making a ruling in the court case. |
| Lawyer | Luật sư | She decided to become a lawyer because she wanted to advocate for justice and help those in need. |
| Barrister | Luật sư bào chữa | The barrister presented a strong case in the courtroom, using persuasive arguments and legal precedents. |
| Magistrate | Quan toà sơ thẩm | The magistrate listened to the testimonies of the witnesses and made a fair judgment in the case. |
| Solicitor | Cố vấn pháp luật | The solicitor provided legal guidance to her clients and helped them navigate through complex legal procedures. |
3. Lĩnh vực Tài Chính – Kinh Tế:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Accountant | Kế toán | She decided to hire an accountant to handle her tax filings and manage her financial records. |
| Economist | Nhà kinh tế học | Economists study economic trends and provide insights into market behavior. |
| Investment analyst | Nhà phân tích đầu tư | Investment analysts analyze market data and financial statements to assess investment opportunities. |
| Financial adviser | Cố vấn tài chính | The financial adviser helped his clients develop personalized financial plans to meet their long-term goals. |
| Actuary | Chuyên viên thống kê | Actuaries play a crucial role in calculating insurance premiums and assessing the financial impact of potential risks. |
4. Lĩnh vực Khoa Học – Đời Sống:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Biologist | Nhà sinh vật học | The biologist conducted experiments to study the behavior of a particular species of birds. |
| Scientist | Nhà khoa học | The scientist made groundbreaking discoveries in the field of renewable energy. |
| Chemist | Nhà hoá học | Chemists work in laboratories, conducting experiments and analyzing chemical reactions. |
| Physicist | Nhà vật lý | Physicists study the fundamental laws of nature and explore the properties of matter and energy. |
| Meteorologist | Nhà khí tượng học | Meteorologists play a vital role in monitoring and forecasting weather patterns and climate changes. |
5. Lĩnh vực Nhà Hàng – Khách Sạn:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Barista | Nhân viên pha chế cà phê | As a barista, he enjoyed crafting specialty coffee drinks for customers. |
| Hotel porter | Nhân viên vận chuyển hành lý | The hotel porter assisted guests with their luggage upon arrival and departure. |
| Hotel manager | Quản lý khách sạn | The hotel manager oversaw the operations of the entire hotel, ensuring high-quality service and guest satisfaction. |
| Bouncer | Bảo vệ | The bouncer checked IDs and maintained security at the entrance of the nightclub. |
| Tourist guide | Hướng dẫn viên du lịch | The tourist guide provided interesting facts and anecdotes about the famous landmarks. |
6. Lĩnh vực Vận Tải:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Air traffic controller | Kiểm soát viên không lưu | Air traffic controllers play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of air travel. |
| Baggage handler | Nhân viên phụ trách bốc dỡ hành lý | The baggage handler carefully loaded and unloaded luggage onto the airplane. |
| Delivery person | Nhân viên giao hàng | The delivery person dropped off packages at various addresses throughout the city. |
| Dockworker | Công nhân bốc xếp ở cảng | The dockworker unloaded crates and containers from the cargo ship. |
| Chauffeur | Tài xế riêng | The chauffeur drove the executive to important business meetings in a luxury car. |
7. Collocations chủ đề nghề nghiệp và công việc:
| Từ vựng | Định nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| To be called for an interview | Được gọi tới phỏng vấn | After submitting my application, I was excited to be called for an interview with the company. |
| To be your own boss | Có công việc kinh doanh riêng | Starting my own business allowed me to be my own boss and have control over my work. |
| A dead-end job | Một công việc không có cơ hội thăng tiến | He felt stuck in a dead-end job with no opportunities for growth or advancement. |
| To do a job-share | Chia sẻ giờ làm việc hàng tuần với người khác | The two employees decided to do a job-share, allowing them to split their responsibilities and work part-time. |
| A good team player | Người hợp tác tốt với người khác trong công việc | She is known for being a good team player, always willing to support and collaborate with her colleagues. |
8. Bài mẫu IELTS Speaking Part 1 chủ đề nghề nghiệp:
Question: What is your current job?
Answer: I am currently working as a software engineer in a technology company.
Question: Why did you choose this profession?
Answer: I chose to become a software engineer because I have always had a passion for technology and problem-solving.
Question: What do you like most about your job?
Answer: What I like most about being a software engineer is the opportunity to work on innovative projects and see my ideas come to life.
Question: Are there any challenges in your profession?
Answer: One of the challenges in my profession as a software engineer is keeping up with the rapidly changing technology and constantly learning new skills.
Question: Would you recommend your profession to others? Why?
Answer: Yes, I would definitely recommend my profession as a software engineer because it offers great career opportunities, a chance to work on cutting-edge technologies, and a high demand in the job market.
Question: What do you hope to achieve in your career?
Answer: In my career as a software engineer, I hope to continue growing my skills and expertise, take on more challenging projects, and eventually lead a team of developers.
9. Bài mẫu IELTS Speaking Part 2 chủ đề nghề nghiệp:
Topic: Describe an interesting job or profession that you would like to have.
Example answer: If I had to choose an interesting job or profession, I would love to be a travel photographer. Being a travel photographer would allow me to combine my passion for photography and my love for exploring new places. I envision myself traveling to different countries, capturing stunning landscapes, diverse cultures, and fascinating moments. The idea of being able to document and share stories through my photographs is truly exciting to me. I imagine waking up to breathtaking sunrises, visiting iconic landmarks, and interacting with locals to capture the essence of each place. As a travel photographer, I would also have the opportunity to meet fellow adventurers and share experiences with like-minded individuals. It would be a dream come true to have my work published in travel magazines and inspire others to embark on their own adventures. However, I am aware that this profession requires dedication, patience, and a lot of hard work to establish oneself in the industry. Nonetheless, the possibility of combining my passion with my career and having the world as my workplace makes it an incredibly interesting job for me.