Trong bài thi viết IELTS phần I yêu cầu thí sinh cần sử dụng nhiều từ vựng để miêu tả xu hướng, sự tăng giảm và biến động của dữ liệu được cung cấp thông qua biểu đồ. Vì vậy, thuần thục các từ vựng miêu tả xu hướng là một trong những yếu tố quan trọng giúp các bạn đạt điểm cao trong bài thi Viết sắp tới.
1. Sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa trong bài viết
| Từ vựng | Từ đồng nghĩa |
| Increase | Rise / go up / uplift / rocketed / climb / upsurge / soar / upward / improve. |
| Decrease | Fall / decline / plummet / plunge / drop / reduce / collapse / deteriorate / dip / dive / go down / take a nosedive / slum / slide / go into free-fail / downward/ |
| Steadiness | Unchanged / level out / remain constant / remain steady / plateau / remain the same / remain stable / remain static. |
Ví dụ:
The company’s overall sales increased by 20% at the end of the year.
Despite the constant expenditures of the office, profits increased almost 25% over the past six months.
The ratio of student enrollment at this University dropped 15%.
In the past two years, the country’s population has remained almost unchanged.
During the next five years, population growth is likely to remain stable in these two cities, which have experienced significant growth in the last two decades.
Phương pháp giúp tối ưu điểm số:
Use ‘improve’ / ‘an improvement’ to describe a situation like economic condition or employment status.
Do not use the same word/ phrase over and over again.
Do not use a noun or verb form to describe a trend/change more than twice; once is better!
To achieve a high band score you need to use a variety of vocabulary as well as sentence formations.
2. Từ vựng thể hiện sự biến đổi của biểu đồ
| Các sắc độ của sự thay đổi | Trạng từ | Tính từ |
| Rapid change | dramatically / rapidly / sharply / quickly / hurriedly / speedily / swiftly / significantly / considerably / substantially / noticeably | dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick / hurried / speedy / swift / significant / considerable / substantial / noticeable |
| Moderate change | moderately / gradually / progressively / sequentially | moderate / gradual / progressive / sequential |
| Steady change | steadily / ceaselessly | steady / ceaseless |
| Slight change | slightly / slowly / mildly / tediously | slight / slow / mild / tedious |
Ví dụ:
The economic inflation of the country increased sharply by 20% in 2008.
There was a sharp drop in industrial production in the year 2009.
The demand for new houses dramatically increased in 2002.
The population of the country dramatically increased in the last decade.
The price of oil moderately increased during the last quarter but as a consequence, the price of daily necessities rapidly went up.
3. Từ vựng để biểu thị những thay đổi thường xuyên trong biểu đồ
| Các dạng thay đổi | Động từ | Danh từ |
| Rapid ups and downs | wave / fluctuate / oscillate / vacillate / palpitate | waves / fluctuations / oscillations / vacillations / palpitations |
Ví dụ:
The price of the goods fluctuated during the first three months of 2017.
The graph shows the oscillations of the price from 1998 to 2002.
The passenger number in this station oscillates throughout the day and in the early morning and evening, it remains busy.
The changes in car production in Japan shows a palpitation for the second quarter of the year.
The number of students in debate clubs fluctuated in different months of the year and rapid ups and downs could be observed in the last three months of this year.
Phương pháp giúp tối ưu điểm số:
Do not try to present every single piece of data presented in a graph. Rather pick 5-7 most significant and important trends / changes and show their comparisons and contrasts.
The question asks you to write a report and summarise the data presented in graphs(s). This is why you need to show the comparisons, contrasts, show the highest and lowest points and the most striking features in your answer, not every piece of data presented in the diagram(s).
4. Từ vựng miêu tả sắc độ của sự thay đổi và khác nhau từ dữ liệu
| Adjectives | Adverbs |
| Overwhelming | Overwhelmingly |
| Substantial | Substantially |
| Enormous | Enormously |
| Adjectives | Adverbs |
| Significant | Significantly |
| Considerable | Considerably |
| Adjectives | Adverbs |
| Somewhat | Somewhat |
| Moderate | Moderately |
| Adjectives | Adverbs |
| Fractional | Fractionally |
| Marginal | Marginally |
| Slight | Slightly |
5. Cách sử dụng các từ vựng Ngày/ Tháng/ Năm trong bài thi viết IELTS Part 1
From 1990 to 2000. Commencing from 1980, Between 1995 and 2005, After 2012.
By 1995, In 1995, In February, Over the period, During the period, During 2011.
In the first half of the year, For the first quarter, The last quarter of the year, During the first decade.
In the 80s, In the 1980s, During the next 6 months, In the mid-70s, Next 10 years, Previous year, Next year, Between 1980-1990.
Within a time span of ten years, within five years.
Next month, Next quarter, Next year, Previous month, Previous year.
Since, Then, From.
6. Cách sử vựng từ vựng miêu tả phần % và số của dữ liệu
Phần trăm (%): 10% increase, 25 percent decrease, increased by 15%, dropped by 10 per cent, fall at 50%, reached to 75%, tripled, doubled, one-fourth, three-quarters, half, double fold, treble, 5 times higher, 3 timers lower, declined to about 49%, stood exactly at 43%.
Phần trăm (%): 4% = A tiny fraction, 24% = Almost a quarter, 25% Exactly a quarter, 26% = Roughly one quarter, 32% = Nearly one-third, nearly a third, 49% = Around a half, just under a half, 50% = Exactly a half, 51% = Just over a half, 73% = Nearly three quarters, 77% = Approximately three quarter, more than three-quarter, 79% = Well over three quarters.
Phần trăm (%): 2% = A tiny portion, a very small proportion, 4% = An insignificant minority, an insignificant proportion, 16% = A small minority, a small portion, 70% = A large proportion, 72% = A significant majority, A significant proportion, 89% = A very large proportion.
Cụm từ chỉ mức độ: Approximately, Nearly, Roughly, Almost, About, Around, More or less, Just over, Just under, Just around, Just about, Just below, A little more than, A little less than.
7. Cấu trúc bài viết IELTS học thuật Part 1
Mở bài:
Không sao chép các từ vựng có sẵn ở câu hỏi
Miêu tả tổng thể hình dạng, cấu trúc và xu hướng của biểu đồ
Đoạn văn dài khoảng 75-80 từ
Nội sung chính:
So sánh và phản ánh nội dung của dữ liệu
Miêu tả và làm nổi bật các dữ liệu quan trọng của biểu đồ
Kết bài:
Tóm tắt các ý chính bao gồm so sánh 1 vài dữ liệu nổi bật
Đánh giá cá nhân